Thursday, March 9, 2017

2016 Annual Report of the Open Space Acquisition Commission


Our Task: The primary task of the Open Space Acquisition Commission is to acquire open space.  These purchases must fit some stated need and respect the financial contribution that has been made by the taxpayers.  We will not buy just anything, and we will not waste your money by overpaying.

Our Strategy: We try to form a financial partnership on larger purchases to get more value for your dollars.  This could mean direct grants to the town, participation with other conservation groups, or a bargain sale.  Since the creation of the Open Space Acquisition Commission in 1999, we have partnered with the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, United States Department of Agriculture, Sippican Lands Trust and The Trustees (formerly the Trustees of Reservations.)  Since we first started working with other groups, we have received more than $1,000,000 in grants to help reduce the cost of open space purchases to the town. In 2016 we received a grant for over $10,000 for work at Grassi Bog (described below).

Current Open Space Status: When we talk about permanently protected open space, we are talking about land owned by private, public and nonprofit owners that has been dedicated to such uses as conservation or recreational use by deed.  Also included is land owned by a non-profit land trust; or if the town received federal or state assistance for the purchase or improvement of the property. Today, of the 9,007 acres of land in Marion, 3,476 are permanently protected open space.

Marion ownership of permanently protected open space is quite diverse. Those groups managing/owning open space include:
Board of Selectmen
Charles Washburn Memorial Trust
Commonwealth of Massachusetts (Division of Fish and Game)
Conservation Commission
Marine Resources Commission
Open Space Acquisition Commission
Recreation Commission
Sippican Lands Trust
The Trustees (formerly The Trustees of Reservations)
Water & Sewer Commission

Private land is considered protected if it has a deed restriction in perpetuity, if an Agriculture Preservation Restriction (none in Marion) has been placed on it, or a Conservation Restriction has been placed on it. Conservation Restrictions in Marion are held by an equally eclectic group of organizations (listed below):

Buzzards Bay Coalition
Commonwealth of Massachusetts (DEP)
Commonwealth of Massachusetts (DFW)
Conservation Commission
Debt for Nature (United States Department of Agriculture)
Open Space Acquisition Commission
Sippican Lands Trust
The Trustees (formerly The Trustees of Reservations)
Wildlands Trust

The Open Space Acquisition Commission holds title to 629 acres. The largest parcel is the 282 acre Hales Brook Reservation  which is managed by The Trustees at no cost to the Town.  The next largest, and perhaps busiest, parcel is the Washburn Park Conservation Area (97 acres), which is used heavily buy the dog walking community.

Links to trail maps for those and other open space parcels can be found online at    http://www.marionma.gov/pages/marionma_bcomm/openspace


Financial: The Open Space Acquisition Commission administers the Marion Land Bank Fund on behalf of the town.  This fund is dedicated by state statute to costs associated with the acquisition of land. Any expenditure out of this fund to purchase land must be approved by Town Meeting.  Currently, the Fund holds $377,567. We have been following the status of several high end properties that would require funds in excess of $1,000,000 to acquire.  These are multi –partnership endeavors that require some “seed money” to have these projects succeed. Marion’s $377,567 can be used to leverage a $443,230 state grant. This amount encourages the participation of the non-profit community.

An example of the type of property, among others, that we are tracking is a 300 acre parcel on Route 6. Preservation of the property would reduce nitrogen inputs into Aucoot Cove, create a 1700 foot green strip along southern entrance to Marion, and protect endangered species.  The property also lends itself to improve public access as it provides a link to existing trails on the west, east, and north sides of the property and has an existing parking access.

Projects:
Goldavitz Bog: In 2016, the Board of Selectmen asked us to do the day to day management of the Goldavitz Bog. This property is located on Old Marion Trail, adjacent to the Sippican Lands Trust Aucoot Woods complex.  We were able to partner with the Sippican Lands Trust to improve the perimeter trails around the abandoned cranberry bog and thin out the old blueberry patch.  The site has adequate parking and a trail map is available at here

Grassi Bog: This property is located off of Mill Street (Route Six) just north of Sparrow Lane. An unexpected upstream release of water washed out most of the newly installed water control structures in 2014. 2016 was spent finalizing designs and pursuing grants to get the repair work done at no cost to the taxpayers.  We were successful in getting grants totaling over $70,000 to get the repairs done in 2017. (Thanks to Emmanuel da Costa and Amanda Chase for grant writing assistance on the Buzzards Bay National Estuary Program grant.) This site has adequate parking and bridges over the flumes will be installed in 2017 to make it easier to walk the loop trail.

Bike Path: Although the Open Space Acquisition Commission is not actively involved in the planning and engineering for the bike path (see report of the Pathway Committee), we are pleased that the years of quiet acquisition of the many parts of the bike path route has finally been completed.  We look forward to completion of the bike path as it will provide easy to use access to over 1500 acres of permanently protected open space.

Planning: We anticipated sending out an Open Space Community Survey in 2016. Due to requests and comments by Planning Board Master Plan members we will delay this survey to 2017.
 Web Page Additions: In 2016 we were able to produce a draft list of all Conservation Restrictions in Marion, and started on a description of our properties.  These will be posted on our webpage as they become final. 

We also made a draft of a “Flora and Fauna” list for Marion. As we would like this to be used to report sightings, we have not yet decided on the correct web platform for this.

If you have any questions about anything related to open space please feel free to email us at openspace@marionma.gov, or email/call one of the individual members.

            Respectfully submitted,

            John Rockwell, Chairman
            Joseph Keogh
            Jeffery Oakes
            Randy Parker
            Alan Harris





Thursday, March 2, 2017

Flora and Fauna of Marion


Bobcat prints at Mary's Pond

This list of plants and animals was compiled from a survey of Marion residents in 1994 and 1995.  Since that time there have been additions to the list of both plants and animals.  If you would like to make an addition to the list, or have any other comments please contact us at openspace@marionma.gov.

Flora (Does not include mosses liverworts fungi)

Need help with plant Identification?  Send us a photo of the plant!  GoBotany is a great webpage for information and identification guides at the New England Wild Flower Society.

Links are provided to the USDA Plants data base. 

TREES:

To identify trees in winter a great book is Winter Keys to Woody Plants of Maine.

Try V-Tree the University of Virginia tree identification app. The University of Virginia site is http://dendro.cnre.vt.edu/dendrology/main.htm

 Gymnosperms
Atlantic white cedar, Chamaecyparis thyoides
white spruce, Picea glauca
Austrian pine, Pinus nigra (introduced)
eastern (Canada) hemlock, Tsuga Canadensis
pitch pine, Pinus rigida
white pine, Pinus strobus

 Dicots

Norway maple, Acer platanoides (introduced)
sycamore maple (planetree maple),  Acer pseudoplatanus (introduced)
red (swamp) maple, Acer rubrum
horse-chestnut,  Aesculus hippocastanum (introduced)
yellow birch, Betula alleghaniensis
grey birch, Betula populifolia
American hornbeam, Carpinus caroliniana
mockernut hickory, Carya cordiformis
hawthorn, Crataegus sp. (some hawthorn species are introduced)
American beech, Fagus grandifolia
European beech, Fagus sylvatica (introduced)
white ash, Fraxinus americana
bristly (honey) locust, Gleditsia triacanthos
American holly, Ilex opaca
black tupelo, Nyssa sylvatica
American sycamore, Platanus occidentalis
London planetree, Platanus acerifolia (introduced)
pin cherry, Prunus pensylvanica
black cherry, Prunus serotina
apple, Malus pumila (introduced)
white oak, Quercus alba    
swamp-white oak, Quercus bicolor
scarlet oak, Quercus coccinea
scrub oak, Quercus ilicifolia
red oak, Quercus rubra
black oak, Quercus velutina
black locust, Robinia pseudoacacia
American linden, Tilia americana
Cucumber tree, Magnolia acuminata

SHRUBS:


sweet pepperbush, Clethra alnifolia
American hazelnut, Corylus americana
huckleberry, Gaylussacia sp.
American witchhazel, Hamamelis virginiana
inkberry, Ilex glabra
winterberry holly (black alder), Ilex verticillata
sheep laurel, Kalmia angustifolia
bog laurel, Kalmia polifolia
spice bush, Lindera benzoin
male berry, Lyonia ligustrina
Japanese knotweed, Polygonum cuspidatum  (introduced)
beach plum, Prunus maritima
swamp azalea, Rhododendron viscosum
wing-rib-sumac, Rhus copallina
smooth sumac, Rhus glabra
staghorn sumac, Rhus typhina
poison sumac, Toxicodendron vernix
multiflora rose, Rosa multiflora  (introduced)
swamp rose, Rosa palustris
rugosa rose, Rosa rugosa (introduced)
pussy willow, Salix discolor
high bush blueberry, Vaccinium corymbosum


HERBACEOUS:

For wildflower ID try the new Wildflowers of New England: Timber Press Field Guide, byTed Elliman

yarrow, Achillea millefolium (introduced)
groundnut, Apios americanadogbane, Apocynum sp.
wild columbine, Aquilegia canadensis
lesser burdock, Arctium minus
seabeach Sandwort, Honckenya peploides
jack-in-the-pulpit, Arisaema triphyllum
dusty miller, Artemisia stelleriana (introduced)
New England aster, Aster novae-angliae
salt marsh aster, Symphyotrichum tenuifolium
mustard, Brassica rapa (introduced)
sea‑rocket, Cakile edentula
trumpet vine, Campsis radicans
shephard's purse, Capsella bursa‑pastoris
painted-cup (Indian paintbrush), Castilleja coccinea
Asiatic bittersweet, Celastrus orbiculatus  (introduced)
knapweed, Centaurea maculosa (introduced)
ox-eye daisy, Leucanthemum vulgare (introduced)
chicory, Cichorium intybus (introduced)
pink lady’s slipper, Cypripedium acaule
purple thistle, Cirsium altissimum
Queen Anne's lace, Daucus carota
bindweed, Calystegia hederacea (introduced)
Deptford pink, Dianthus armeria (introduced)
daisy fleabane, Erigeron annuus
Joe-Pye-weed, Eupatorium maculatum
common strawberry, Fragaria virginiana
wintergreen (checkerberry or teaberry), Gaultheria procumbens
sea-poppy (horn-poppy), Glaucium flavum (introduced)
sea milkwort, Glaux maritima
ground-ivy,Glechoma hederacea (introduced)
rattlesnake plantains, Goodyera
bog orchid, Habenaria
cow parsnip, Heracleum maximum
hawkweed, Hieracium
St. Johnswort, Hypericum
jewelweed, Impatiens capensis
morning glory, Ipomoea
blueflag, Iris versicolor
marsh elder, Iva frutescens
two-flowered Cynthia, Krigia biflora
beach pea, Lathyrus japonicus
everlasting pea, Lathyrus latifolius (introduced)
sea-lavender, Limonium carolinianum
butter-and-eggs, Linaria vulgaris (introduced)
cardinal flower, Lobelia cardinalis
water-horehound, Lycopus
yellow loosestrife, Lysimachia terrestris
purple loosestrife, Lythrum virgatum (introduced)
Canada mayflower, Maianthemum canadense
Indian cucumber, Medeola virginiana
partridge berry, Mitchella repens
indian pipes, Monotropa uniflora
beech drops, Epifagus virginiana
forget-me-not, Myosotis
sweet gale, Myrica gale
water lily, Nymphaea odorata
evening primrose, Oenothera biennis
wood sorel, Oxalis montana
knotweed, Polygonum
rough-fruited cinquefoil, Potentilla recta
lion’s foot, Prenanthes serpentaria
buttercup, Ranunculus repens
prickly dewberry, Rubus flagellaris
swamp dewberry, Rubus hisbidus
black-eyed susan, Rudbeckia hirta
swamp dock, Rumex verticillatus
arrowhead (swamp-potato), Sagittaria
glasswort, Salicornia
elderberry, Sambucus canadensis
bouncing bet, Saponaria officinalis (introduced)
stone crop, Sedum sarmentosum
catbrier, Smilax glauca
common greenbrier, Smilax rotundifolia
nightshade, Solanum dulcamara (introduced)
common nightshade, Solanum nigrum (introduced)
seaside goldenrod, Solidago sempervirens
goldenrod, Solidago
skunk cabbage,  Symplocarpus foetidus
common tansy, Tanacetum vulgare (introduced)
germander, Teucrium canadense
starflower, Trientalis borealis
rabbit’s-foot clover, Trifolium arvense (introduced)
red clover, Trifolium pratense (introduced)
white clover, Trifolium repens (introduced)
trillium, Trillium
common mullein, Verbascum thapsus
violet, Viola
sea‑burdock, Xanthium strumarium

Hayscented fern off of County Road


FERNS and FERN ALLIES:

A easy to use fern guide made by one of the MOSAC folks is the Pocket Guide to Common Ferns for Delineating Bordering Vegetated Wetlands in Massachusetts.

running pine (Christmas green), Lycopodium complanatum
tree clubmoss, Lycopodium obscurum
bog clubmoss, Lycopodium appressa
cinnamon fern, Osmunda cinnamomea
royal fern, Osmunda regalis
Massachusetts fern, Thelypteris simulata
interrupted fern, Osmunda claytoniana
Polypody fern, Polypodium virginianum


GRASS and GRASSLIKES


long sedge, Carex folliculata
marsh straw sedge, Carex hormathodes
strawcolored flatsedge, Cyperus strigosus
saltmeadow grass, Leptochloa fusca
spike grass, Distichlis spicata
dwarf spike rush, Eleocharis parvula
switchgrass, Panicum virgatum
common reed, Phragmites australis (introduced)
goose grass, Puccinellia maritima
woolgrass, Scirpus cyperinus
blue-eyed grasses, Sisyrinchium sp. (introduced)
smooth cordgrass, Spartina alterniflora
saltmeadow cordgrass, Spartina patens
prairie cordgrass, Spartina pectinata
narrow-leaved cattail, Typha angustifolia
common cattail, Typha latifolia
eelgrass, Zostera marina

Fauna


MAMMALS

shorttail shrew, Blarina brevicuada  (ADW)
coyote, Canis latrans (DFW) (ADW)
starnose mole, Condylura cristata (ADW)
opposum, Didelphis virginiana (ADW)
southern flying squirrel, Glaucomys volans (ADW)
woodchuck,  Marmota monax (DFW) (ADW)
striped skunk,  Mephitis mephitis (DFW) (ADW)
meadow vole, Microtus pennsylvanicus (ADW)
house mouse, Mus musculus (ADW) (introduced)
long-tailed weasel, Mustela frenata (ADW)
mink,  Neovison vison (ADW)
little brown myotis (bat) , Myotis lucifugus (DFW) (ADW) about bats in Massachusetts
whitetail deer, Odocoileus virginianus (DFW) (ADW)
muskrat, Ondatra zibethicus (ADW)
hairytail mole, Parascalops breweri (ADW)
white-footed mouse, Peromyscus leucopus (ADW)
harbor seal, Phoca vitulina (ADW)
racoon, Procyon lotor (DFW) (ADW)
Norway rat, Rattus norvegicus (ADW) (introduced)
eastern mole, Scalopus aquaticus (ADW)
eastern gray squirrel,  Sciurus carolinensis (DFW) (ADW)
Eastern cottontail, Sylvilagus floridanus (DFW) (ADW)
red squirrel, Tamiasciurus hudsonicus (DFW) (ADW)
eastern chipmunk, Tamias striatus (ADW)
gray fox, Urocyon cinereoargenteus (DFW) (ADW)
red fox, Vulpes vulpes (DFW) (ADW)
meadow jumping mouse, Zapus hudsonius (ADW)
fisher, Martes pennant (DFW) (ADW)
river otter Lontra Canadensis (ADW)


REPTILES and AMPHIBIANS:

Links are provided to UMass Amherst Snakes of Massachusetts   Frog calls can be found at the Animal Diversity Web.

spotted salamander, Ambystoma maculatum (ADW)
eastern American toad, Anaxyrus americanus (ADW)
snapping turtle, Chelydra serpentina (ADW)
eastern painted turtle, Chrysemys picta(ADW)
spotted turtle, Clemmys guttata (ADW)
northern black racer, Colubar constrictor (UMA) (ADW)
northern spring peeper, Pseudacris crucifer (ADW)
eastern milk snake, Lampropeltis triangulum (UMA) (ADW)
diamond backed terrapin,  Malaclemys terrapin (DFW) (ADW)
eastern smooth green snake, Opheodrys vernalis (UMA) (ADW)
redback salamander, Plethodon cinereus (ADW)
bullfrog, Lithobates catesbeianus (ADW)
wood frog, Lithobates sylvaticus  (ADW)
eastern box turtle, Terrapene carolina carolina (DFW) (ADW)
eastern garter snake, Thamnophis sirtalis (UMA) (ADW)


BIRDS:

For bird ID we like the Cornell Lab of Ornithology Merlin Bird ID app, or the Birds of Massachusetts Field Guide by Stan Tekiel. Links are to the Cornell Lab of Ornithology site All About Birds.

spotted sandpiper, Actitis macularius
Cooper’s hawk, Accipiter cooperii
northern saw-whet owl, Aegolius acadicus
red-winged blackbird Agelaius phoeniceus
wood duck, Aix sponsa
green-winged teal, Anas crecca carolinensis
American black duck, Anas rubripes
ruby throat hummingbird, Archilochus colubris
great blue heron, Ardea herodias
greater scaup duck, Aythya marila nearctica
canvasback, Aythya valisineria
cedar waxwing, Bombycilla cedroium
ruffed grouse, Bonasa umbellus
Canada goose, Branta canadensis
great horned owl, Bubo viginiananus
bufflehead, Bucephala albeola
common goldeneye, Bucephala clangula
red-tailed hawk, Buteo jamaicensis
broad-winged hawk, Buteo platypterus
green-backed heron, Butorides striatus
northern flicker, Calaptes auratus
American goldfinch, Cardeulis tristis
northern cardinal,  Cardinalis cardinalis
house finch, Carpodacus mexicanus (introduced)
purple finch, Carpodacus purpureus
Great egret, Ardea alba
turkey vulture, Cathartes aura
hermit thrush, Catharus guttatus
brown creeper, Certhia americana
belted kingfisher Ceryle alcyon
chimney swift, Chaetura pelagica
snow goose, Chen hyperborea
marsh hawk (harrier), Circus cyaneus
Long-tailed duck (old-squaw), Clangula hyemalis
northern flicker, Colaptes auratus
bob-white (quail), Colinus virginianus
eastern wood-peewee, Conopus virens
fish crow, Corvus ossifragus
mute swan, Cygnus olor (introduced)
downy woodpecker, Dendrocopus pubescens
hairy woodpecker, Dendrocopus villosus
yellow warbler, Dendroica petechia
yellow-bellied flycatcher, Empidonax flaviventris
American kestrel, Falco sparverius
little blue heron, Egretta caerulea
American coot, Fulcia americana
common loon, Gavia immer
evening grosbeak, Coccothrustes vespertinus
American oyster-catcher, Hoematopus palliatus
Baltimore oriole, Icterus galbula
orchard oriole, Icterus spurius
tree swallow, Tachycineta bicolor
dark-eyed junco, Junco hyemalis
herring gull, Larus argentatus
laughing gull, Larus atricilla
Great Black-backed gull Larus marinus
snowy egret, Egretta thula
white-winged scoter, Melanitta fusca
wild turkey, Meleagris gallopavo
song sparrow, Melospiza melodia
common merganser, Mergus merganser
mockingbird, Mimus polyglottos
brown-headed cowbird, Molothrus ater
snowy owl, Bubo scandiacus        (on Bird I.)
black-crowned night heron, Nycticorax nycticorax
eastern screech owl, Otus asio
black-capped chickadee,  Poecile atricapillus
tufted titmouse,  Baeolophus bicolor
house sparrow, Passer domesticus  (introduced)
double-creasted comorant, Phalacrocorax auritus
European cormorant, Phalacrocorax carbo
ring-necked pheasent, Phasianus colchicus (introduced)
woodcock, Scolopax minor
downey woodpecker, Picoides pubescens
towhee (chewink), Pipilo erythrophthalmus
pied-billed grebe, Podilymbus podiceps
purple (common) grackle, Quiscalas quiscula
eastern bluebird, Sialia sialis
eastern phoebe, Sayornis phoebe
red-breasted nuthatch, Sitta canadensis
common eider, Somateria mollissima
yellow-bellied sapsucker, Sphyrapicus varius
pine siskin, Spinus pinus
roseate tern Sterna dougallii
common tern, Sterna hirundo
barred owl, Strix varia
European starling, Sturnus vulgaris (introduced)
Carolina wren, Thyrothorus ludovicianus
greater yellow-legs, Tringa melanoleuca
lesser yellow-legs, Tringa flavipes
brown thrasher, Toxostoma rufum
house wren, Troglodytes aedon
American robin, Turdus migratorius
eastern kingbird, Tyrannus tyrannus
mourning dove, Zenaida macroura


SHELLFISH


jingle shell, Anomia simplex
bay scallop, Argopecten irradiens
channeled whelk, Busycotypus canaliculatus
knobbed whelk,  Busycotypus carica
rock crab, Cancer irroratus
green crab, Carcinus maenas
common razor clam, Ensis directus
ribbed mussel, Geukensia demissa
common spider crab, Libinia emarginata
horseshoe crab, Limulus polyphemus
periwinkle, Littorina littore (introduced)
horse mussel, Modiolus modiolus
soft-shell clam, Mya arenaria
blue mussel, Mytilus edulis
lady crab, Ovalipes ocellatus
hermit crabs, Pagurus spp.
shore shrimp, Palaemonetes spp.
fiddler crabs, Uca spp.

 BUTTERFLIES

Our inclusion of Order of Insects is limited to the Butterflies by personal choice. Links are to pages from Butterflies and Moths of North America

cabbage white, Pieris rapae
eastern black swallowtail, Papilio polyxenes
tiger swallowtail, Papilio glaucus
zebra swallowtail, Eurytides marcellus
sulphur,Colias sp.
great spangled fritillary, Speyeria cybele
red admiral, Vanessa atalanta
red spotted purple, Limenitis arthemis astyanax
painted lady, Vanessa cardui